新增听力21篇答案版

来源：锐游网

新增听力

最后一个部分有二十篇左右真题。重听题没有音频，但是在题干了写了重听的原文。 P1 1. What are the speakers mainly discussing

A. Animal behavior that cannot be explained by natural selection B. The evolution of various forms of deceptive animal communication C. Possible reasons that animals communicate truthful messages D. Research that shows similarities between human and animal signals 2. What point does the professor make about human communication A. It is often influenced by social rules.

B. It almost always consists of truthful messages. C. It does not always rely on spoken language. D. It breaks down when someone exaggerates. 3. Why does the professor talk about lions

A. To compare two ways that lions communicate with each other

B. To introduce the concept of signal reliability in the animal kingdom

C. To point out why lions often win fights against animals of other species D. To explain some of the benefits of exaggerating one's own strength 4. The speakers discuss a hypothetical scenario involving bears. In this scenario, what would happen to the first bears that used deceptive signals

A. They would reproduce more than other animals in their species. B. They would not have energy for tasks other than communication.

C. They would become unable to understand signals from other animals. D. They would eventually return to using only honest signals . 5. What does the professor imply when she talks about the handicap principle ? A. Weak animals defend themselves by increasing the volume of their vocalizations. B. Most animals' vocalization behavior is not explained by the handicap principle. C. Some animal species cannot afford the costs of honest communication.

D. Individual animals' behavior is consistent with long-term benefit to the species. And eventually they'd evolve further not to bother producing signals at all, communication would break down completely. Talk about chaos! 6. Why does the professor say this: Talk about chaos!

A. To encourage the students to contribute some of their ideas

B. To express surprise that some animal communication has broken down C. To emphasize that the situation she describes would be unfavorable D. To suggest that honest communication can sometimes lead to chaos

答案： C A B A D C; P2

1. What does the speakers mainly discuss?

A. Steps involved in improving customer service B. Advantages and disadvantages of lean engineering

C. Reasons that inefficiency is so widespread in the business world D. Strategies for increasing efficiency within a company

2.What point does the professor make about the inventory of a company? A. Storing inventory is less problematic than storing raw materials. B. Inventory should be reduced as much as possible.

C. Inventory should be stored in warehouses located close to the manufacturing plant. D. Large companies need more inventory than small ones.

3. What does the professor say about the accounting department he worked with?

A. The fact that the department's different groups all worked at the same time was causing inefficiency.

B. Value Stream Mapping was not as effective for the department as he had hoped.

C. The department's procedures had been designed using an earlier version of Value Stream Mapping.

D. The department was eventually able to complete its work in less time than before.

4. Why does the professor mention computer software programs for shipping?

A. To demonstrate how fuel costs can be quickly calculated by accounting departments B. To provide an example of products that are easily lost during transport C. To point out an innovative way for companies to reduce delivery time

D. To emphasize how easy it is for companies to track deliveries during transport

5. What point does the professor make when he discusses airplane design? A. Each piece of an airplane must be designed with precision. B. The fewer pieces an airplane has, the lighter its weight will be. C. Using fewer pieces to create a product will result in fewer defects. D. Pieces that have several functions take longer to design.

Female Student:

But what about our responsibility, our commitment to, you know, standards, um, standards of quality? Professor:

But whose standard is the question. Remember it's the customer's requirements that determine what's desirable in the product.

6. Why does the professor say this: But whose standard is the question.

A. To help the student understand a different idea of quality B. To indicate that the student's question is difficult to answer C. To point out a weakness of lean engineering D. To find out the student's definition of quality

答案：D B D C C A P3

1.What is the lecture mainly about?

A. Recently discovered archaeological sites from Viking Age Scandinavia B. A new theory about the production of goods in Viking Age Scandinavia

C. A new way of thinking about the development of towns in Viking Age Scandinavia D. The rise and fall of trade networks in Viking Age Scandinavia

2. Why does the professor mention airports? A. To illustrate the concept of a nodal point

B. To explain the original application of network

C. To contrast modern commerce with medieval trading D. To emphasize the role of technology in trading networks

3. According to the professor, what artifacts were found at only seven Viking trading sites? Click on 2 answers

A. A large quantity of copper coins from Germany B. Several pieces of jewelry made from silver C. A large quantity of imported ceramics

D. Evidence of the production of bronze castings

4.According to the professor, in what way were early Scandinavian towns different from later settlement?

A. Early Scandinavian towns were less likely to be fortified.

B. Early Scandinavian towns had more contact with the surrounding countryside. C. Early Scandinavian towns were farther apart from one another.

D. Early Scandinavian towns were less likely to be involved in international trade.

5.What does the professor imply is a problem with the central-place theory? A. It assumes that all early Viking towns were long-distance trading centers. B. It assumes that all early Viking towns had military power.

C. It assumes that all of the early Viking towns were about the same size. D. It assumes that all central places grew into large towns.

Well, recently an archaeologist named S S decided that there was another way to look at the process of urbanization, how these towns developed in the Viking age.

6. Listen again to part of the lecture. Then answer the question. What does the professor imply when she says this:

A. The theory is often misunderstood.

B. The theory applies mainly to Scandinavia. C. The theory has evolved over time. D. The theory is known by another name.

答案：C A CD A B C P4

1. what is the main purpose of the lecture?

A. To introduce a theory about why marine animals form symbiotic relationships B. To discuss the application of categories of symbiosis to marine animals

C. To question research done on the relationship between sea butterflies and amphipods D. To explain how the categories of symbiosis were developed by researchers

2. Why are seals and dolphins mentioned in the lecture?

A. To give an example of animals that are disadvantaged by parasitic relationship B. To give an example of a symbiotic relationship where both organisms benefit C. To point out that all symbiotic relationships have advantages and disadvantages D. To compare the categories of commensalism and mutualism

3. According to the professor, what is one factor that makes categorizing symbiotic relationships difficult?

A. New types of symbiotic relationships are always being discovered.

B. It is not always clear what an animal gains or loses from a symbiotic relationship. C. The nature of the symbiotic relationship may change over time. D. Many symbiotic relationships are only temporary.

4. What point does the professor make about sea butterflies that are captured by amphipod A. They are often eaten by the amphipods.

B. They are eventually released by the amphipods;

C. They are used as a lure by the amphipods to attract prey. D. They benefit from their relationship with the amphipods. .

5. Why did researchers conclude after their experiment involving predatory fish?

A. The predators of amphipods learn to interpret the amphipod and sea butterfly as one larger animal.

B. The primary predator of amphipods does not have good eyesight.

C. Amphipods and sea butterflies share, many of the same chemical compounds. D. The amphipods are protected from predators by chemicals In the sea butterfly.

6. Listen again to part of the lecture. Then answer the question. Male student

And the sea butterfly probably can't feed at all. I mean, if it's being held on the amphipod's back, right?

Professor

You're right. But I can't imagine a type of symbiosis that simply disadvantages both organisms.

Why does the professor say this: You're right. But I can't imagine a type of symbiosis that simply disadvantages both organisms.

A. To acknowledge that she does not fully understand the relationship between the two organisms B. To ask students to explain what the disadvantages are for each organism C. To encourage the students to propose potential advantages of the relationship D. To indicate that the student overstated the disadvantage to the sea buttert1y

答案：B A B B D C P5

1. What does the professor mainly discuss? A. How Realist novels differ from Realist plays

B. How Zola's ideas influenced other Naturalist playwrights C. Ideas that contributed to the Naturalist movement in theater D. Realist novels that were adapted as plays

2. Why does the professor discuss a science book that was published in 1865? A. To give an example of what Zola's contemporaries were reading B. To describe a major influence on Zola's writing

C. To comment on advances in science in the nineteenth century D. To point out that the term Naturalism was first used by scientists

3. According to the professor, what was one of Zola's goals in creating “slice-of-life theater”? A. To adapt Realist novels to the stage

B. To feature characters who live in rural settings C. To inform his audience about social issues

D. To create a neatly structured story, with beginning, middle, and conclusion

4. According to the professor, what is a feature of plays that were written using the principles of Naturalism

A. They reflect a view of life that is not always happy. B. They present characters as helpless victims of fate.

C. They are not objective in their representation of human conflict. D. Their characters are usually members of the upper classes.

5. According to the professor, why were Zola's plays unsuccessful with the theater-goers? A. They received bad reviews from the critics.

B. They were much longer than other plays written at the time. C. Their plots contained many unbelievable coincidences. D. Their characters were not realistically portrayed.

6. What is the professor's opinion of Henri Becque's plays?

A. They illustrate Naturalist principles better than Zola's plays do. B. They have the same problems that Zola's Naturalist plays had. C. They are not as entertaining as Zola's plays. D. They should not be considered Naturalist plays.

答案：C B C A C A P6

1. What is the main purpose of the lecture?

A. To explain how biologists learned that not all mutations to a species are beneficial to the species

B. To explain why biologists' views about evolutionary adaptations have recently changed C. To explore the advantages and disadvantages of toxins as a defense against predators D. To discuss efforts to find ways to counteract a powerful toxin

2. How is tetrodotoxin different from other animal toxins?

A. It is equally toxic to all animals that come into contact with it. B. When heated, it can be safely consumed by people. C. It is poisonous only when combined with sodium. D. It is found in several different species of animal.

3. What evidence suggests that puffer fish do not make tetrodotoxin themselves? A. They die if their nerve cells are exposed to tetrodotoxin for long periods of time. B. They do not contain tetrodotoxin if they are raised in a controlled environment C. The steps that are necessary to produce tetrodotoxin are biologically complex. D. The chemicals required to synthesize tetrodotoxin are not found in ocean water

4. What type of genetic mutations occurred in the evolution of certain animals that enabled them to become immune to tetrodotoxin?

A. Mutations that prevent the toxin from blocking sodium ion transmissions

B. Mutations that help the respiratory system fight off invasion by bacteria ' . C. Mutations that prevent the animals from producing excessive amounts of the toxin D. Mutations that allow the animals to exist in bacteria-free environments

5. What is the main point the professor makes when she mentions garter snakes?

A. Garter snakes contain venom that is similar to the venom of scorpions. B. Tetrodotoxin can be synthesized by a wide variety of species.

C. Resistance to tetrodofoxin has evolved in some animals that feed on animals containing the toxin.

D. Tetrodotoxin may have spread to newts in North America as a newts to fend off certain predators.

6. What is the professor's opinion about the replication of evolutionary changes where the same changes occur in distinct species?

A. She is convinced it is more frequent than Darwin thought possible. B. She doubts it will ever be conclusively found in the animal kingdom.

C. She thinks examples that have been put forth could simply be random occurrences D. She wishes the biologists were more open to the idea that it may occur.

答案：B D B A C D P7

1. Why does the student go to see the professor? A. To request extra time to complete an assignment B. To explain why she will miss the next class

C. To clarify the requirements of a class assignment D. To discuss the results of a lab experiment

2. What does the professor imply about the student’s extended field trip? A. He would like to know more about the fieldwork the student did. B. He was unaware of the problems the student had on the trip. C. He knew that there would be problems on the trip. D. He has been in similar situations himself.

3. Why does the professor tell the student about the importance of cane toads to Australia? A. To remind the student of a topic she studied last semester B. To provide an example of a concept he is describing

C. To explain the purpose of the lab assignment the student will work on D. To amuse the student with an anecdote from his own student days

4. What fact from the radio interview with an ecologist surprised the student? A. Global warming may be less harmful to biodiversity than oil palm cultivation. B. Global warming may have benefited some species of butterflies. C. Oil palm cultivation has contributed greatly to global warming.

D. Oil palm tree populations have suffered as a result of global warming.

5.What advantages of the oil palm do the speakers mention? Click on 3 answers A. It resists damage from imported insects. B. It is an easy crop to grow.

C. It creates a habitat for rare animal species. D. It is used in a wide range of products.

E. It has a positive impact on communities where it is grown.

P7 生态研究

Listen to a conversation between a student and her biology professor.

Professor

So I heard that your field work ended up camping a few days longer than expected. Student

Yeah, the bus broke down. It gave us time to gather more specimens from the lake to study in the lab but unfortunately 1 admit missing a day of classes, including the class when you describe the requirements for the paper.

学生解释了来找教授的原因：自己的field trip中bus坏掉了，所以多花了几天，错过了教授的课所以不知道论文的要求是什么 Professor

Ur, that brings back memories from my undergraduate days. （2）So anyway what I'm looking for is an ecological situation in which the solution causes a much greater problem than the original problem it was intended to solve. （3）The example I gave in class was about cane toad in Australia. They were imported there in 1935 to control the grayback cane beetles that were destroying the sugar cane crops. Student

And what? The plant backfired? Professor

Yep. It’s a classic case of biological control done awry. The toads ate some beetles but they also ate many other animals and they're poisonous and being an imported species they had no natural predators. Student Not good. Professor

Definitely not. Even worse, the toads had no effect on grayback cane beetle populations either. Hum, so tell me what do you have in mind for, your paper.

教授简单讲了一下论文的题目：生态系统中一个问题的解决方案往往创造更多问题。举例，cane toad被引入澳大利亚是为了控制beetles的数量，但是他们除了beetle之外也吃其他的动物，而且他们有毒，并且他们在当地没有天敌。 Student

Well, I got the idea from a radio interview I heard. （4）It was Winstly ecologist to claim that the greatest threat to the greatest number of species in the next 25 years is not global warming as one would expect but the cultivation of oil palm trees. Professor

Ah, yes. There's been a lot of talk recently about whether oil palm plantations are harmful to biodiversity. Some areas report losing as much as 80% of the native bird and butterfly populations and the oil palm is being cultivated in so many places in the world now. Student

Everybody thought it was a short winner, and made a lot of sense both economically and environmentally. （5）Here's a crop that's in high demand, easy to grow and won't disrupt the ecosystem. Professor

Or so they thought. It's a good topic.

学生说明了自己论文的想法，想写palm tree种植所带来的危害，因为palm tree降低了biodiversity。但是人们觉得palm tree很好，因为高产，容易种植，而且不会扰乱生态系统 Student

So in my write the paper should be divided into two sections? Professor

Yes. In the first section, you describe the practice, the history of where and how it was implemented, the degree to which it has been successful, and why and how it has become a conservation problem or a potential problem. Student

Right. And the second part is about how to develop a suitable policy to deal with the problem? Professor

Exactly. The second section should also include the pros and cons associated with oil palm cultivation. I'm interested to see what you come up with. Student

You mean, because it's not all bad. Professor

Right. Oil from the oil palm happens to be very useful. （5）It's in so many products, from food to alternative fuel and some of the communities in the regions where the crop was introduced have really flourished. There is a lot to consider. It’s definitely not a clear-cut situation.

最后提了学生的论文内容要分成两个部分。第一部分是综合介绍palm tree的种植，第二部分需要写道相关的政策法规＋palm tree的优点和缺点.palm tree也有优点，因为它们可以提供很多有用产品，比如食物和燃油，极大促进了当地经济。

答案：C D B A BDE

D. Oil palm tree populations have suffered as a result of global warming.

学生讲到，今后最大的威胁不是每个人都想当然认为的global warming，而是oil palm，说明一般意义上大家都以为应该是global warming更加有危害。Bcd均未在文中提及

P8 构造版块

1. What is the lecture mainly about?

A. The recent discovery of an unusual tectonic plate

B. The effects of underwater riffs on plate boundaries located on land

C. The development of a new technology for studying rifts located on land D. The process by which tectonic plates are separated

2. Why does the professor mention Iceland?

A. To support the claim that rifts occur wherever volcanoes occur B. To point out that Iceland is located on a plate boundary C. To give an example of a rift area that is located on land D. To give an example of an extraordinary active rift system

3. What unexpected discovery did scientists make while studying the rift event in East Africa? A. Rifts can widen more quickly than previously thought.

B. Some magma deposits lie closer to Earth surface than geologists realized. C. Volcanic activity is not necessary for rift formation.

D. Volcanic activity along land rifts is different from activity along underwater rifts.

4. In the lecture the professor discusses an event that occurred along a rift in East Africa. Place the stages of this event in order. 1 2 3 4

Answer Choices

A. Molten rock flowed into the rift and widened it. B. There was a brief period of inactivity.

C. Seismic activity began 30 kilometers south of the northern volcanoes. D. There was a series of earthquakes near the northern volcanoes.

5. According to the professor, what may eventually occur at the location of the recent rift event in East Africa?

A. Two tectonic plates will merge. B. A deep basin will form. C. A new fissure will open.

D. Underground earthquakes will become more frequent.

6. What does the professor imply when he says this:

But then, in the eastern part of Africa is a complex system of rifts called, shockingly enough, the East Africa rift system.

A. The East Africa Rift System is much larger than previously thought. B. \"East Africa Rift System\" is an obvious name for the system. C. The East Africa Rift System is not actually a system.

D. Not all of the East Africa Rift System is located in Africa.

答案：D C A DBCA（排序） B B

1. What are the speakers mainly discussing? A. An artist who was discussed in a recent class B. The requirements for an upcoming project

C. Reasons that the student will miss an upcoming class D. The topic of a paper the student was writing

2. What does the student say about the national debate tournament? A. The tournament site was further away than she would have liked. B. She was satisfied with her team’s performance at the tournament. C. More teams were allowed to compete this year. D. This year's debate topic was unusually complex.

3. According to the professor, what was Alexander Calder’s most significant contribution to the art world?

A. He produced an impressive range of both painting and sculpture. B. He used a new material to create his sculptures. C. He proved that engineers could be artists aswell. D. He showed how sculpture could involve movement.

4. What does the professor imply about Alexander Calder's mobiles? A. They were originally designed with babies in mind.

B. They are difficult for the average museumgoer to understand. C. They were eventually developed to rely less on motors. D. The original mobiles had technical problems

5. Why does the professor say this:

Well, when something like that comes along the choice is clear, isn't it? A. To indicate that he does not approve of the student's choice B. To encourage the student to take trips all around the country C. To let the student know that he excuses her absence D. To find out what is important to the student

答案：A B D C C

P10 nebula

1. what does the professor main discuss? (A) ways that stars become nebulae

(B) reasons that nebulae appear to give off blue light (C) difference between nebulae and stars (D) a basis for classifying types of nebulae

2. What point does the professor make about orion’s sword? (A) it points toward a nebula in the constellation taurus.

(B) it contains a nebula that looks like a star to the naked eye.

(C) it contain stars whose light is a reflection of other nearby stars. (D) it contains two stars that are remnants of a supernova.

3. what does the professor say about the origin of the crab nebula? (A) It was formed when interstellar gas clouds combined. (B) It was created by an exploding star. (C) It did not emit when it was first formed.

(D) It was formed in the same way as many reflection nebulae.

4. Based on the lecture, which answer choices describe emission nebulae and which describe reflection nebulae?

Click on an answer choice, Then drag in to the space where it belongs . One of The answer choices will not be used emission nebulae reflection nebulae Answer Choices (A) They give off red light. (B) They give off blue light.

5. What is a typical characteristic of dark nebulae? (A) They are obscured from view by nearby stars.

(B) They are located in parts of the sky that do not contain bright stars. (C) The dust and gas they contain are too dense to let light through. (D) They are too hot to emit radiation in the visible range.

6. Listen again to part of the lecture. Then answer the question. Why does the professor say this:

So star formation is not necessarily the source of the light in Emission Nebulae. (A) To clarify his previous statement

(B) To call attention to an unusual phenomenon (C) To emphasize a feature of all types of nebulae (D) To repeat a point he made earlier

D B B ABD C D P11

1. What is the lecture mainly about?

A. The relative advantages of foraging and farming

B. The discovery of evidence that dates the origin of agriculture

C. The differences between early farmers and modern farmers D. The reasons foraging is no longer practiced today

2. In what ways was the forager^ diet preferable to that of the early farmer? Click on 2 answers. A. It had greater variety B. It contained more protein

C. The foods were easier to digest D. The foods were easier to cook

3. Why does the professor mention skeletons found in Greece and Turkey? A. To support the theory that many early farmers died of starvation

B. To demonstrate that height is dependent on geographical location

C. To contrast the difference in height between early farmers and foragers

D. To point out the similarities to remains found in China and in other parts of Europe

4. According to the professor, what was a possible result of the selective breeding of crop plants? A. The plants became more resistant to heat and cold B. The plants became more vulnerable to disease

C. Crop plants quickly became the only source of food D. The plants required more water to grow

5. What is the professor’s attitude toward the classification of ancient people as either foragers or farmers?

A. She believes that such classifications have generally been accurate B. She doubts that any new evidence could challenge the classification

C. She worries that present-day archaeologists are not considering key evidence D. She believes the evidence now indicates that the situation was more complex

6. Why does the professor mention irrigation?

A. To explain why early farming often required large amounts of land B. To demonstrate how farming methods have changed over time

C. To support her point about farming providing a great quantity of food D. To explain how the Chinese were able to cultivate rice so early

D AB C B D C P12

1. What does the speakers mainly discuss?

A. Evidence that clarifies the ancient uses of the Stonehenge monument. B. Other Bronze Age monuments that have similarities to Stonehenge.

C. Why the builders of Stonehenge did not use local stones in its construction.

D. The possible origins of some of the stones that make up the Stonehenge monument

2. Why does the professor mention small pieces of bluestone found at Stonehenge? A. To provide evidence that bluestone was believed to have healing properties. B. To stress that bluestone is not as durable as local stone.

C. To help explain bow builders selected the particular stones used for Stonehenge. D. To express frustration with the way some researchers gather evidence at Stonehenge.

3. What is the significance of the axheads that the professor discusses? A. They prove that bluestones were transported across Europe.

B. They provide evidence that bluestones were not sacred to Bronze Age cultures.

C. They may explain how the builders reduced the size of some of the stones that were transported.

D. They helped researchers determine the place in the Preseli Hills where the Stonehenge originated.

4. What evidence suggests that glaciers may have carried stones to the Stonehenge site? A. The stones used to build Stonehenge all came from the same place in Wales. B. Some stones have markings that could have been caused by glacial activity.

C. Some bluestones were present on the Salisbury Plain before Stonehenge was built.

D. Bluestones were found in several places on a proposed travel route between Wales and the Salisbury Plain.

5. What does the professor imply about the recent analysis of the bluestones at Stonehenge? A. It does not conclusively identify the bluestones' place of origin.

B. It does not provide strong evidence for either the human-transport or the glacier-transport hypotheses.

C. The methods used to test the bluestones were questionable.

D. The analysis does not explain how glaciers could move such large stones.

6. According to the professor, what might have contributed to the popularity of the human-transport hypothesis?

A. New physical evidence of transport devices used in the Bronze Age has been found. B. The hypothesis has become familiar over time.

C. Until recently no other hypothesis had been suggested.

D. The scientists who support the hypothesis are well respected.

C A B C A B P13

1. What is the main purpose of the lecture?

A. To explain how geologists determine the dates of ice ages B. To compare the geologic features of several different ice ages

C. To discuss the possibility of a severe ice age during the Cryogenian period D. To examine the effects of a Cryogenian ice age on subsequent climate patterns

2.Why does the professor discuss the name of the Cryogenian period?

A. To provide backgrounds for the basis of the Snowball Earth hypothesis B. To suggest that the Snowball Earth hypothesis is inappropriately named C. To contrast the Cryogenian period with later geologic periods

D. To point out that the Cryogenian ice ages started in several different ways

3.According to the professor, what factors might have created the conditions for a snowball Earth event?

A. A change in the proportion of land and wafer covering Earth's surface B. The cooling effect of the oceans' low surface albedo

C. A change in the atmosphere that lowered Earth's surface temperature D. A continuing cycle of radiation reflection and ice growth

4.Why does the professor talk about a research study in Oman?

A. To illustrate why it is necessary to study evidence of glaciers from more than one location B. To determine how solar radiation affects glaciation

C. To present evidence that Earth's climate fluctuated during the Cryogenian period D. To explain why ice ages during the Cryogenian period differed from other ice ages

5.According to the professor, what is the chemical index of alteration used for? A. To describe changes in the chemical composition of the atmosphere B. To measure the degree of chemical weathering of rocks C. To find out how oceans affect global temperatures D. To trace the movement of rock over time

6.What is the professor's opinion about the Snowball Earth hypothesis? A. Its basic premise is accurate and further study will validate it. B. It would be more plausible if the time frame were longer. C. It has some merit but a closer examination reveals flaws. D. It will probably never be completely discredited.

答案：C A D C B C P14

1.What is the main purpose of the lecture?

A. To explain how the Eiffel Tower was designed

B. To highlight the similarities between the Eiffel Tower and other modern buildings C. To show how perceptions of the Eiffel Tower changed over time D. To argue that the Eiffel Tower has always been admired by artists

2.According to the professor , why was Eiffel Tower built? Click on two answers

A. To display French technological achievements B. To create a new landmark for Paris

C. To welcome visitors to the Universal Exposition

D. To encourage the design of tall buildings in prominent cities

3.Why does the professor mention that the arches of the Eiffel Tower resemble railway bridges? A. To show how difficult it was to build an iron tower in the 1880s B. To emphasize the structural strength of the Eiffel Tower

C. To imply that railway bridges were the inspiration for the design of the tower D. To give a reason why the Eiffel Tower was disliked

4.According to the professor, what characterize the Beaux Arts style? A. simple entryways

B. classical forms and details

C. the use of heavy industrial materials D. the absence of columns

5.What is the professor's opinion about the criticisms of the Eiffel Tower upon its completion? A. They were understandable considering the style of architecture that was popular when it was built.

B. They were inappropriate since they threatened the success of the Universal Exposition. C. They were failed by competition among artists in Paris. D. They helped bring the Beaux Arts period to a close.

6.Why does the professor describe the clouds of Robert Delaunay's painting “the Eiffel Tower” A. To point out an image in the painting that symbolizes a dramatic break from traditional painting styles

B. To give an example of a type of image that is seldom found in Cubist paintings C. To explain that Delaunay incorporated Beaux Arts images into his paintings

D. To give an example of an image that appeared many times in Delaunay's paintings of the Eiffel Tower

答案：C AC D B A A P15

1. What is the main purpose of the lecture?

A. To explain methods astronomers use to classify stars

B. To explain the formation of molecular clouds in the universe C. To discuss how some stellar embryos fail to become stars D. To discuss similarities between brown dwarfs and planets

2.According to the professor, why is the study of brown dwarfs particularly challenging? A. They cannot be detected directly.

B. They combine characteristics of very distinct celestial objects.

C. They appear in colors ranging from brown to red. D. They are always near very bright stars.

3.Why does the professor discuss how stars originate? A. To explain how brown dwarfs begin to form

B. To suggest that brown dwarfs do not originate in molecular clouds C. To explain why brown dwarfs emit light billions of years

D. To show that stellar embryos cause turbulence within molecular clouds

4.According to the ejection theory, why do some stellar embryos stop growing before they become stars?

A. The motion of dust and gas inhibits their growth. B. The cores in which they form are not dense enough.

C. They start forming in the area of a molecular cloud with the least amount of material. D. They are moved by gravitational forces to areas outside cores.

5. Why does the professor mention that newborn stars are surrounded by disks of dust and gas? A. To describe a method for testing two theories about brown dwarfs B. To clarify how brown dwarfs are drawn into star systems C. To emphasize that brown dwarfs move at low velocities D. To introduce planet formation as the topic of the next lecture

6.What is the professor's attitude toward the two theories?

A. He is convinced that neither of them can explain why brown dwarfs have stellar disks. B. He hopes both theories will be confirmed by computer simulations.

C. He thinks evidence supports the turbulence theory even if he cannot rule out the ejection theory. D. He finds the ejection theory more attractive than the turbulence theory.

答案：C B A D A C P16

1..What does the professor mainly discuss

A. Why the United States chose federalism over other forms of government B. How a federal government differs from a state government C. Differing perspectives of a governmental concept

D. Economic trends that have affected decisions by the United States Supreme Court

2. What does the professor say about the writers of the United States Constitution A. They favored dual federalism over cooperative federalism. B. They were unclear about the role of the Supreme Court. C. They wanted to minimize disputes between states. D. They wanted the Constitution to be flexible.

3. What was the significance of the Supreme Court decision regarding a steamboat company in the Gibbons v. Ogden case

A. The decision limited the number of businesses that could operate in more than one state. B. The decision gave the national government control over commerce between states. C. The decision represented the first time the Supreme Court supported dual federalism. D. The decision led to regulations that delayed the onset of the Great Depression.

4. According to the professor, what factors led to a change in Supreme Court rulings in the 1930s Click on 2 answers.

A. A court case that threatened to close several factories

B. A national economy that had become highly interconnected C. An inability of states to support residents in need of help D. A concern that states were failing to regulate industry

5. What does the professor say about the disagreement over the interpretation of federalism A. It continues to serve an important purpose. B. It indicates a failure to learn from past mistakes. C. It will probably be resolved in the near future.

D. It is responsible for slowing down the political process.

6. Which statements reflect Supreme Court decisions that favored cooperative federalism Click on 3 answers.

A. The national government has the power to establish a bank. B. National and state governments are equals.

C. A state government cannot tax a national institution.

D. States can tax farm equipment imported from other states. E. A national law can protect the rights of workers in all states.

答案：C D B BC A ACE P13