第十五组 1阅读理解+1阅读七选五+1完形填空

第十五组 1阅读理解＋1阅读七选五＋1完形填空

(限时：30分钟)

Ⅰ.阅读理解

When it comes to focusing at work，there is no lack of things to take responsibility for our wandering minds.Refreshing Twitter，scanning the news，talking with colleagues about small beer.But there’s one possible cause of frequent distraction(使人分心的事)．Our work isn’t complex enough，and there isn’t enough of it.

This idea isn’t popular，especially with those who feel they’re already working busily.Actually complex tasks demand more of our working memory and attention，with little mental distraction.We get bored when our skills go beyond the demands of our work.And we feel anxious when the demands of a task go beyond our skills.Understanding your skill level，and matching this with a worthy task will make you more likely to be fully devoted to your work.Besides questioning the complexity of tasks，it’s worth reflecting on whether you have enough work to do in general.If not，you’re inviting distraction.

Think back to your last deadline.That timeline offers you no distractions like using social media.Our workload tends to expand to fit the time available for the completion of work.Small tasks that should take two hours will take an entire workday if we have that time available.Distractions are to blame for this time trap.

A few years ago，after I finished a report on a tight deadline，I continued to be just as busy.I entered my social media accounts when I should have been working.I checked new emails constantly.I felt guilty when I wasn’t busy，and I alleviated this guilt by filling my time with busy work.

Later I realized busy work couldn’t really bring the relief，for the guilt came from the fact that I was working without intention.When we have more to do，choosing what we do ahead of time becomes necessary.Therefore，if you have distraction，consider that you might need to work harder on projects that will fill your days and enrich your life.

【语篇解读】 这是一篇议论文，作者说我们在工作的时候常会分心，这不是因为社交媒体等因素的影响，而是我们手头的工作太简单或者工作量不足，但是我们的工作太难时，我们又会觉得焦虑。关于应对分心问题，作者给出了自己的见解。

1．What do people usually blame for being distracted?

A．The absence of work complexity.

B．Their colleagues’ lack of teamwork.

C．Social media or chats with colleagues.

D．The tiredness after hours of hard work.

答案 C [推理判断题。第一段引出作者的观点，说人们工作时会分心，这是因为我

们的工作不够复杂，或者工作量不够，但是我们却总是把责任归咎于更新推特、浏览新闻、与同事闲聊等，总结信息可得出，人们通常会将他们的分心归咎于C项“社交媒体、和同事的闲聊”。]

2．When will we feel anxious at work?

A．When we don’t have enough tasks to do.

B．When our ability can’t meet job requirements.

C．When we are busy with work for a long while.

D．When we spend too much time on social media.

答案 B [细节理解题。根据第二段中的“And we feel anxious...beyond our skills”可知，当我们的工作的要求超过了我们的能力时，我们就会感到焦虑，因此选B。]

3．Which of the following can best explain “alleviated” underlined in paragraph 4?

A．Forgot. B．Researched.

C．Deepened. D．Eased.

答案 D [词义猜测题。根据画线词后面的“by filling my time with busy work”和第五段的“Later I realized busy work couldn’t really bring the relief”可知，该词

与bring the relief相对应，意为“减轻，缓解”，因此选D。]

4．What’s the author’s suggestion on dealing with distraction?

A．Work hard with the intention to fill our life.

B．Balance our work and social activities.

C．Expand our workload to fit the time available.

D．Remove the sense of guilt about mind’s wandering away.

答案 A [推理判断题。最后一段说“guilt came...working without

intention”“consider that you...and enrich your life”，由此可知，作者认为内疚来自工作无计划，如果我们工作时分心，就要考虑在一些能丰富我们生活的事上多做努力。由此推知，作者建议有计划地在能丰富生活的事情上努力，因此选A。]

Ⅱ.阅读七选五

(2019·北京清华附中质检)“Post­truth” was chosen by Oxford Dictionaries as the Word of the Year 2016.Indeed，digital misinformation is on the rise and it is hard for people to distinguish.__1__

Before the dawn of the Internet，Canadians regularly turned to and trusted their preferred newspapers or radio stations for the latest news.__2__It’s now coming at you from so many different sources (来源)that you need to take

responsibility for what you’re seeing.

Experts recommend relying on a range of sources instead of just one，but looking into them first.__3__For example，the people connected，where they’re based，and their intention.A lack of information is certainly a warning.

Next，learning to recognize misinformation is important.False news spreads mostly through social media.So if you’re looking at news on Facebook，you have to handle it in a wiser way.__4__Is it from a well­informed relative or a friend who regularly expresses extreme views? And whatever you do，only by clicking through can you see whether the information is accurate.

__5__ It has no limits in achieving that goal，so it plays on feelings and uses improper language.Therefore，if you feel excited to share something immediately，that’s the time you should stop and ask，“Is this accurate？”

If we all take that extra little pause，we’ll be able to stop this false thing from spreading.

A．Sources that are reliable tell you about themselves.

B．Fortunately，there are some simple ways to tell facts from fiction.

C．Consider who’s sharing it if it’s not posted directly from the source.

D．Today 42% of them use social media at least once a day to get their news.

E．Someone sets up “Hot Global News”，hoping the ad dollars would pour in.

F．False news is designed to seek attention in order to sell ads or make an idea public.

G．Evaluating sources and getting reliable news is important in the age of misinformation.

【语篇解读】 这是一篇说明文。在网络发达的今天，我们经常会遇到假新闻。那么面对诸多新闻，我们应该确定它们是否真实可靠，面对假新闻，我们不能推波助澜。

1．B [结合语境看，上文提到网络假信息越来越多，而且人们很难分辨出来，下文提到了分辨假信息的方法，因此B项“幸好有一些简单的方法来辨别真伪”最能起到承上启下的作用。]

2．D [上文说到以前加拿大人获得消息的来源，D项说到现在一些加拿大人获得消息的来源，D项中的“them”指代上文的“Canadians”，且上文的“for the latest news”和D项中的“to get their news”呼应。]

3．A [上文提到专家推荐选择多个信息来源，A项中的Sources呼应上文的sources；且下文对A项“可靠的信息来源会告诉你一些自身的信息”中的“自身的信息”进行了列举，故A项符合语境。]

4．C [下文的“Is it from a well­informed relative...views”中的代词“it”与C

项中的“it”指代的都是上文提到的“脸书上的新闻”，并且C项中的“who”与下文的问题呼应，因此选C。]

5．F [F项“False news is designed to...public”与下文的“为了达到那样的目的，虚假消息没有底线”形成一个完整的信息链，下文的“goal”指代F项中的“to sell ads or make an idea public”。]

Ⅲ.完形填空

I crossed my arms as I waited for my volleyball coach to finish talking to the officials.There was a(n) 1 with the score.But did it really matter？The Lions were ahead of us，24-14，and the game would end at 25.

The Lions’ number 8 must have thought the 2 thing，as she covered her mouth and 3 .At this，I waved to the five teammates on the floor.“Listen，” I said in a very 4 voice once we’d made a circle.“The Lions think this game is over.But we’ll make the Lions know getting that last point is never 5 work.From here on，nothing drops.”

We got ready immediately at the 6 .As I returned to my 7 ，I checked the scoreboard，which now read 24-15.We couldn’t win this game，but we could 8 that number 8 from yawning again.

24-20，we were still 9 .Kait served for the sixth time.The Lions hit and the ball 10 over our fingertips.At this moment Zoe dove and somehow managed

to keep the ball off the floor.It’s my 11 ！I pushed the ball away with my closed fist.It floated up and was over the net to number 8.She hit the ball hard and it hit the floor on our side.Game over.The Lions 12 number 8，shouting with excitement.

I watched their 13 from the floor.Did I make the right call in the first place？I wondered.Should we have saved our 14 for the third and final game of the match?

But then Zoe 15 her hand to pull me to my feet.“Maybe this game is over，but the match isn’t.Nothing drops！”

【语篇解读】 这是一篇记叙文。排球比赛的比分是24比14，对方已经24分了，再丢一分，作者所在的排球队就输掉了比赛，但是最后这一分也不会很轻易送给对手，作者和队友们顽强拼搏，把比分追到24比20。虽然最后输了，但是作者和队友们不后悔自己的努力。

1.A.surprise B.arrangement

C.problem D.settlement

答案 C [从语境的连贯看，作者所在排球队的教练在与官方负责人(就比分)进行理论，那么可推知，这里说的是比赛的比分有“问题”(problem)，因此选C。]

2.A.unexpected B.difficult

C.other D.same

答案 D [从文中对对方球队八号球员的描述可知，这里表示这个八号球员的想法肯定与作者是一样的(same)。]

3.A.breathed B.yawned

C.coughed D.laughed

答案 B [根据下文提到的“that number 8 from yawning again”可得知，对方球队的八号球员在打哈欠，因此选B。]

4.A.uncertain B.polite

C.firm D.soft

答案 C [从作者说话的内容“Listen”和“From here on，nothing drops”可知，作者说话的语气很坚决(firm)，因此选C。]

5.A.perfect B.rewarding

C.promising D.light

答案 D [作者告诉队友，尽管再丢一分就会输掉比赛，但是最后这一分也要坚守，让对方明白要得到这最后一分绝非易(light)事，因此选D。]

6.A.whistle B.scene

C.warning D.gesture

答案 A [根据上文可知，作者是在比赛，因此此处表示“一听到哨声，我们马上做好准备”。]

7.A.match B.spot

C.room D.stage

答案 B [比赛要开始了，作者回到自己的位置上。用spot表示“位置”。]

8.A.excuse B.save

C.spare D.keep

答案 D [作者在这里要表达的意思是，即使输掉最后一分，输掉这场比赛，也要努力，让对方球队的八号队员不再轻视自己的球队而在那里打哈欠，因此选D，用keep sb from doing sth表示“不让某人做某事”。]

9.A.alive B.hesitant

C.lost D.angry

答案 A [这里说的是，比分从24比15变为24比20，作者这一方还“活着”(alive)，

还没有被淘汰。]

10.A.flew B.struggled

C.climbed D.marched

答案 A [对方击球，排球从作者这方的手指尖上越过，用fly表示“在空中快速移动”。]

11.A.fault B.turn

C.challenge D.dream

答案 B [这个球被Zoe救起来，作者的队伍又有机会了，因此作者说“轮到我了”，并握紧拳头击球。It’s my turn表示“轮到我了”。]

12.A.found B.praised

C.watched D.surrounded

答案 D [对方球队的八号球员为她们的球队赢得最后一分，她们的球队获胜了，因此对方的球员都围着她在兴奋地欢呼，因此选D。]

13.A.interview B.relationship

C.celebration D.separation

答案 C [这里表示作者看着对方在欢庆，因此选C。]

14.A.time B.enthusiasm

C.wisdom D.energy

答案 D [结合前面的问句“Should we have saved...match”可知，此时作者在想，拼命打完一场会输的比赛究竟是不是正确的决定，她们是不是本该为后面的比赛保存体力(energy)。]

15.A.held out B.put out

C.gave out D.set out

答案 A [队友Zoe伸出手把作者从地上拉起来。“hold out”表示“伸出手”。put out“给某人添麻烦，烦恼，生气，扔掉”；give out“分发，用完”；set out“陈述，安排，摆放”。]