动词辨析讲解

1．accept，receive

accept “接受”，重在主观情愿和乐意收下。

receive “收到”，指客观上受到某物,未必愿意收下。

The leader ________ many gifts, but he didn’t _________them. 2．advise，suggest

advise sb. to do sth. 建议某人做某事 advise doing sth. 建议做某事 suggest doing sth.建议做某事 advise that sb. should do sth. / suggest that sb. should do sth. 建议某人做某事 3．allow，let，promise

allow “让,允许” allow sb. to do sth, let sb. do sth, promise “让答应, 允诺” promise to do sth. 4．agree on，agree to，agree with

agree on 在……方面意见一致，达成协议 agree on the date agree to 赞成…… agree to the plan

agree with sb. 赞成某人；食物、天气等对某人适宜 The weather here doesn’t agree with me. 5．attend，join，join in，take part in，go in for

attend 出席，参加会议，婚礼，音乐会，演讲… attend a meeting (a wedding, a concert, a lecture…)

join 参加，加入组织 join the army (the League, the Party)

join sb. in sth. 参加某人的…活动 Will you join us in the discussion？ take part in 参加活动、运动

go in for 爱好， 参加比赛（考试） go in for a speech competition（演讲比赛） 6．bring，take，carry

bring 拿来，带来，把…从别的地方带来这里

take 拿去，带走，把…从说话人这里带到别的地方 carry 搬，运，提，扛，随身携带，不强调动作方向

_________ your things away. Will you _________ the box into the car for me? Do remember to __________ your book with you when you come to the class tomorrow. 7．believe，believe in

believe sb = believe what sb says 相信某人的话

believe in 相信（某人的人格，存在） I ___________ my friend, so I __________ him. 8．borrow，lend，keep，renew

borrow 借入，从别人那里借来东西 lend 借出，把东西借给他人 keep 保存，借用（多久）延续动词 renew 续借 9．call at，call on，drop in，visit，go to see

call at sb.’s house 拜访某人的家 call on sb.拜访某人

drop in 顺便拜访 drop in on sb顺便拜访某人 drop in at sp顺便去某地 visit sb.访问，探望某人 go to see 去看望某人 10．cost，spend，take，pay

Sth. cost sb. some money Sb. pay some money for sth.

Sb. spend some money on sth. Sb. spend some time (in) doing sth. It takes sb. some time to do sth. 11．complete，finish，end

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complete 完工，未完成的事情经过努力完成 complete the sentence

finish 完成，结束，把某事做完 finish reading the text end（开会，演讲，讨论，战争，旅行）等终止，结束 The war ended in1945. 12．beat，win

beat 击败（敌人，对手） He beat me at chess.

win 赢得（比赛，战争） win the match (比赛), game (比赛), race (赛跑), war (战争) The Chinese people ________ the Anti-Japanese War in 1945. We _________ their team and ___________ the match at last. 13．feel like，would like

feel like doing sth 想要做某事（动名词） would like to do sth 想要做某事（不定式） 14．sleep，go to sleep，fall asleep，go to bed，sleepy sleep 动词/名词（表动作） The baby is sleeping.

go to sleep 入睡（表动作） I didn’t go to sleep until 11:30 last night. fall asleep 入睡（表动作） be asleep熟睡的（表状态） go to bed 去睡觉（表动作） a sleeping boy 睡着的男孩 sleepy 困的

15．go on doing，go on with，go on to do，keep (on) doing go on doing= keep on doing 继续做某事

keep doing 使…处于…状态，一直 keep me waiting for an hour 使我等了一个小时 go on to do 做完一件事后接着做另一件不同的事 16．happen，take place，break out

happen 发生（意料之外的事） break out 爆发（战争，疾病，火灾，地震） take place 举行，发生（必然的事）

A traffic accident __________ here yesterday. A fire ___________ in the building last night. Great changes have ____________ in the last few years. 17．dress，wear，put on，be in，try on，be dressed in

表状态的有：wear，be in，be dressed in 表动作的有：dress，put on，try on Which size do you ___________？ The man _________ a pair of glasses. The girl is __________ in a red skirt. She is _________ red.

Get up and _________ your clothes quickly. The child is old enough to ________ himself. put on (穿上…衣服)，dress sb.(给…穿衣服)，try on(试穿…衣服)，wear(穿着，戴着) 18．hope，wish，expect，look forward to hope表示的愿望较现实，可以实现。wish表示的愿望实现的可能性较小，或难以实现，多虚拟。 hope that sb. will (can) do sth. wish that sb. would (could) do sth. I hope that you will succeed. / I wish you success. (祝你成功。)

look forward to doing sth盼望，渴望

expect / wish / hope to do sth盼望/渴望做某事 expect / wish sb to do sth盼望某人做某事 19．look for，search for，find，find out，discover

look for，search for，hunt for，寻找，重在找的过程和动作。

find和find out都有发现的意思。find表示偶然发现某物，find out则表示经过调查等手段讲事实真相或不为人知的事查出来。

Please find out when to start.

When Mr. Lin came back home, he found his house had been broken into and a lot of things

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stolen.

I lost the key. I was looking for it everyone, but I still haven’t found it.

Discover 是指把本来存在，但以前未被发现的事物或未为人知的事物”发现”出来。 A new coal mine (煤矿)was discovered in the place. 20．lie, lay,

lie 位于；躺 (lie—lay—lain—lying) China lies in the east of Asia. He lay in the bed thinking.

lie 说谎 (lie—lied—lied—lying) The boy never lies.

lay 下蛋，产卵；放 (lay—laid—laid—laying) He laid his watch on the table. 21．listen, hear, hear of, hear from listen 听，表示听的动作及过程。 hear 听见，是listen的结果。 I listened but heard nothing. hear of 听说 I have never heard of such a thing. hear from sb. 收到某人的来信 22．look，see，watch，read

look 看，强调动作和过程。 see 看见，是look的结果。 I looked but saw nothing.

watch 观看，观赏；监视，留意 watch a TV play watch a match Watch your bag.留意您的包。

read 阅读，看有文字的东西，报纸、书、杂志等 23．seem，look

seem 仿佛，似乎。从事实上判断，表示有一定根据。

seem+形容词 They seemed quite happy. seem+名词 She seems a clever girl. seem+分词 The situation seems very encouraging. seem+从句 It seems that he will have to have an operation.

seem+不定式 She seemed to have known it. She seems to be thinking. I seem to have caught a cold.

look 似乎，看起来。从外表上看上去似乎是。

look+形容词 He looks quite strong. look + to be He looks to be a young man of twenty.

look+ as if 从句 It looks as if a storm is coming. 24．lose, miss

lose (lost,lost) 丢失，迷路。含有失去后不再拥有的意味。Time lost will never return. Miss 遗失，错过。发觉没有或遗失了某物。 Don’t miss the chance. 注：两个词的形容词形式分词分别是lost和missing。

a lost child一个迷路的孩子 a missing child一个失踪的孩子 I found my pen lost (missing). 25．make into, make from, make of, make up of

make into…把…制成 make up组成 be made up of… 由…组成 be made of由…制成，指原材料已发生变化，无法复原。

be made from由…制成，指原材料没有改变，仍可辨别出来，仅仅是物理变化。 Wine ___________________ grapes. Grapes can_____________________ wine. Most of windows ____________________ steel(钢材). 26．manage，try

manage to do sth 设法做成功某事 try to do sth 尽力去做某事(未必成功) 27．raise，rise

raise是及物动词，后面必须加宾语，可用于被动语态。rise为不及物动词，不加宾语，无被动语态。 The sun _________ in the east. Prices are ___________. __________ your hands.

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28．seat，sit

seat使……就座，后加人作宾语，或用被动式。

seat oneself in / on 或 sb. be seated in / on Please seat yourself on the chair./ Please be seated.

sit 坐 Sit down, please.= Be seated, please. 29．say, speak, talk, tell

say(vt) 说，用语言表达自己的意思，强调所说内容。

speak(vt /vi)讲，说，侧重动作方式，或指某种语言,不加所说的内容。

He sat there without __________ a word.

Please speak English. Please say it in English.请讲英语。 talk(vi)谈话 talk with sb talk to sb 与…交谈

tell(vt) tell sb about / of sth告诉某人某事 tell sb to do sth 让某人做某事 tell a story / a lie / the truth （讲故事，说谎，老实说） 30．steal，rob

rob抢劫，剥夺 后加人，地点作宾语。 rob sb. / sp.of sth. sb./sp. be robbed of sth. The robber robbed the girl of her money. The girl was robbed of her money by the robber. steal 偷，窃取，物品作宾语。 steal sth. from sb. / sp. steal sb’s sth 31．set out，set about，set off

set out 启程，动身 set out to do sth 开始做某事 set off 开始，出发（旅行） set about sth / set about doing sth 开始做某事 32．warn sb. of, warn sb. against

warn sb. of / about sth. 提醒/警告某人注意某事

warn sb. against doing sth = warn sb.not to do sth 告诫某人不要做某事 33．have，get，let，make，keep，leave

have sb. do sth. 让某人做某事 He had me help him.

have sth. done 让某事被做或某人受到意外伤害 He had his TV set repaired. I had my leg hurt. have sth. doing 使某物处于某种状态 They had the lights burning the whole night. get sb. to do sth. = have sb. do sth. 让某人做某事 He got me to hand in the paper. get sth. done = have sth. done I must get my work done at once.

get sth. doing= have sth. doing使某物处于某种状态 He got his horse running all the way. let sb do sth. 让某人做某事 let sb./ sth. in / out keep sb. doing sth. 使某人处于某种状态

keep sb. / sth. + adj.(形容词) 使…… keep the clothes clean make sb do sth. 使某人做某事

make sb. / sth. + adj.(形容词) 使…… His being ill made his mother worried. make sb. +n.(名词) 使某人成为… He was made monitor.

make oneself understood / seen / heard / known 使自己被理解 / 看见 / 听见/ 认识 leave sb. +n.(名词) 使某人成为 His parents died, laving him an orphan. leave sb. to do sth. 让某人做某事

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