雅思写作小作文句型

一、开头段

1. The + 图表类型 + shows/illustrates/gives information about + 名词(或

名词短语) +其他(如地点或时间)

(1) The graph shows energy consumption in the US from 1980 to 2012, and

projected consumption to 2030. (C9T4)

(2) The chart shows the time spent by UK residents on different types of

telephone calls between 1995 and 2002. (C9T2)

(3) The graph illustrates the quantities of goods transported in the United

Kingdom by four different modes of transport between the time period of 1974 and 2002. (C8T4)

2. The + 图表类型 + shows/illustrates/gives information about + 从句 +

其他(如地点或时间)

(1) The first graph shows that there is a gradual decrease in study for career reasons with age. (C5T2)

(2) The charts show how much a UK school spent on different running costs in three separate years: 1981, 1991 and 2001. (C8T2)

3. 动态图通用句型

(1) The + 图表类型 + shows/illustrates/gives information about

changes in...

󰁺 The graph illustrates changes in the amounts of beef, lamb, chicken and fish consumed in a particular European country between 1979 and 2004. (C7T2)

󰁺 The chart below shows information about changes in average house prices in five different cities between 1990 and 2002 compared with the average house prices in 19. (C7T3题)

󰁺 The three pie charts below show the changes in annual spending by a particular UK school in 1981, 1991 and 2001. (C8T2题)

(2) The + 图表类型 + shows/illustrates/gives information about

how...change (注：change要根据实际情况使用相应的时态) 󰁺 The graph shows how the amount of water used worldwide changed between 1900 and 2000. (C6T1)

󰁺 The table shows how different modes of travel changed in England in

15 years spanning from 1985 to 2000. (C6T2)

二、主体段

1. 描述变化

(1) 描述对象 + 趋势动词 + 幅度副词 + 其他

󰁺 However, during this 25-year period the consumption of beef and lamb fell dramatically to approximately 100 grams and 55 grams respectively. (C7T2)

󰁺 Throughout the century, the largest quantity of water was used for

agriculture, and this increased dramatically from about 500 km³ to around 3000 km³ in the year 2000. (C6T1)

(2) There was a + 幅度形容词 + 趋势名词 (+ in + 描述对象 + 其他)

󰁺 There was a dramatic increase in mobile calls from 2 billion to 46 billion minutes. (C9T2)

󰁺 Despite some initial fluctuation, from 1995 there was a steady increase. (C9T4)

󰁺 Finally, in the UK there was an enormous increase, from 1.5-20 million euros. (C10T2)

(3) 描述对象 + show/see + a + … + trend

(注：空格中填入rising/upward或falling/downward或opposite或similar等形容词)

󰁺 The cost of insurance saw a rising trend, growing from only 2% to 8% by 2001. (C8T2)

󰁺 The consumption of chicken, on the other hand, showed an upward trend, overtaking that of lamb in 1980 and that of beef in 19. (C7T2) 󰁺 In contrast, the cost of furniture and equipment saw an opposite trend. (C8T2)

(4) 描述对象 + see + a (+ 幅度形容词) + 趋势名词

󰁺 Other workers’ salaries saw a fall from 28% in 1981 to only 15% of

spending in 2001. (C8T2)

(5) The period from...to...see a + 幅度形容词+趋势名词 + in +描述对象

󰁺 The period from 4:00 a.m. to 6:00 a.m. saw a rise to 4% in radio

listeners.

(6) … before/after + doing… (注：doing为趋势动词)

󰁺 The figure for Japan dipped to only 2.5% for much of this period, before rising to almost 5% again at the present time. (C5T1)

󰁺 Expenditure on resources such as books had increased to 20% by 1991

before decreasing to only 9% by the end of the period. (C8T2)

󰁺 After peaking at 90 billion the following year, these calls had fallen back

to the 1995 figure by 2002. (C9T2)

(7) …, doing… (doing表示伴随或结果)

󰁺 Despite some initial fluctuation, from 1995 there was a steady increase.

This is expected to continue, reaching 47q in 2030. (C9T4)

󰁺 Local-fixed line calls were the highest throughout the period, rising from 72 billion minutes in 1995 to just under 90 billion in 1998. (C9T2)

󰁺 The cost of insurance saw a rising trend, growing from only 2% to 8% by 2001. (C8T2)

󰁺 The consumption of chicken, on the other hand, showed an upward

trend, overtaking that of lamb in 1980 and that of beef in 19. (C7T2)

󰁺 By 2000 nuclear power, which was not used at all in Australia, had

developed into the main source, producing almost 75% of electricity, at 126 units. (C7T4)

󰁺 Globally, 65% of degradation is caused by too much animal grazing and

tree clearance, constituting 35% and 30% respectively. (C8T1) (8) 表示预测

sth. be expected/projected/predicted to do... 或 It is expected/projected/predicted that sth. will...

󰁺 It indicates that the percentage of elderly people in all three countries is expected to increase to almost 25% of the respective populations by the year 2040. (C5T1)

󰁺 Despite some initial fluctuation, from 1995 there was a steady increase.

This is expected to continue, reaching 47q in 2030. (C9T4) 󰁺 Coal is predicted to increase steadily to 31q in 2030, whereas after 2014, gas will remain stable at 25q. (C9T4)

2. 描述比较和对比

(1) 引出对比

compared with… 和……相比

in contrast; by contrast 与之相反或不同

󰁺 90% of those who held a skilled vocational diploma were men,

compared with only 10% of women. (C4T3)

󰁺 This means that a huge amount of water is used in agriculture in Brazil,

and this is reflected in the figures for water consumption per person: 359 km³ compared with only 8 km³ in Congo. (C6T1) 󰁺 In contrast, the cost of furniture and equipment saw an opposite trend. (C8T2)

󰁺 Expenditure on resources such as books had increased to 20% by 1991

before decreasing to only 9% by the end of the period. In contrast, the cost of furniture and equipment saw an opposite trend. (C8T2)

(2) 原级

as...as... 和……一样……

󰁺 From the graph we can see that in 1970, fish and chips were twice as popular as burgers.

󰁺 Tourists from Britain travelling to Japan were four times as many as those from Germany.

(3) 比较级

① 比较级+than; more than; less than等 ② more X (+数据) than Y (+数据) do sth 或

more X do sth than Y

󰁺 According to the first bar chart, within the thirty years, the number of marriages was always larger than that of divorces.

󰁺 Europe suffered more from farmland degradation than the other regions. (C8T1) 󰁺 The chart shows that high income earners consumed considerably more fast foods than the other income groups

󰁺 Low income earners spend less than on fast foods than high income

groups.

󰁺 More men than women held qualifications at the lower and higher

levels of education, while more women reached undergraduate diploma level than men. (C4T3) (3) 最高级

󰁺 In 1979 beef was by far the most popular of these foods, with about 225 grams consumed per person per week. (C7T2)

󰁺 Although it remained the least popular food, consumption levels were the most stable. (C7T2)

󰁺 But while other workers’ salaries saw a fall from 28% in 1981 to only 15%

of spending in 2001, teachers’ pay remained the biggest cost, reaching 50% of total spending in 1991 and ending at 45% in 2001. (C8T2) 󰁺 Throughout the century, the largest quantity of water was used for

agriculture. (C6T1)

󰁺 The biggest gender difference is at the lowest post-school level, where 90% of those who held a skilled vocational diploma were men, compared with only 10% of women. (C4T3)

3. 其他

(1) We can see immediately that... 我们可以立即看到……

It can be seen from the chart that... 从图可知……

󰁺 We can see immediately that there were substantial differences in the proportion of men and women at different levels. (C4T3)

󰁺 It can be seen from the table that most of the national consumer

expenditure

went

into

food/drinks/tobacco,

followed

by

clothing/footwear. (C7T1)

(2) ……跟随其后

followed by… 或 This is followed by... 或 ..., which is followed by...

󰁺 It can be seen from the table that most of the national consumer

expenditure

went

into

food/drinks/tobacco,

followed by clothing/footwear.

󰁺 Opened in the year 1900, underground railway in Paris is the second

oldest. This was then followed by the opening of the subway systems in Tokyo (1927), Washington DC (1976) and Kyoto (1981).

(3) there be

󰁺 There were substantial differences in the proportion of men and

women at different levels. (C4T3)

󰁺 There are only 10% of under 26yr olds studying out of interest. (C5T2) 󰁺 The pie chart shows that there are four main causes of farmland

becoming degraded in the world today. (C8T1)

(4) with 结构（通常与现在分词、过去分词、形容词、名词短语等连用，用以附

加信息、补充说明、介绍数据等）

󰁺 The remaining 40 units were produced largely from oil and nuclear power,

with hydro contributing only 5 units. (C7T4)

󰁺 These causes affected different regions differently in the 1990s, with Europe having as much as 9.8% of degradation due to deforestation. (C8T1)

󰁺 With a population of 176 million, the figures for Brazil indicate how high agricultural water consumption can be in some countries. (C6T1)

󰁺 In 1979 beef was by far the most popular of these foods, with about 225 grams consumed per person per week. (C7T2)

󰁺 From 20q and 15q respectively in 1980, gas showed an initial fall and

coal a gradual increase, with the two fuels equal between 1985 and 1990. (C9T4)

󰁺 There was a falling trend in carbon dioxide emission in the UK, dropping

from 11 metric tonnes in 1967 to 9 metric tonnes in 2007.

󰁺 In 1967, carbon dioxide emission per person in the UK was the highest,

with 9 metric tonnes emitted.

󰁺 The figure for Italy showed a gradual increase, rising from just above 4

metric tonnes in 1967 to just under 8 metric tonnes in 1997 and maintained this level over the last ten years.

三、结尾段

Overall, it is clear that... 总之，很明显，……

󰁺 Overall, it is clear that by 2000 these two countries relied on different principal fuel sources: Australia relied on coal and France on nuclear power. (C7T4)

󰁺 Overall, it is clear that Europe suffered more from farmland degradation than the other regions, and the main causes there were deforestation and over-cultivation. (C8T1)