2018高考英语阅读理解 细节理解Scanning(扫读法)解题(2)

2018高考英语阅读理解 细节理解Scanning（扫读法）解题

2018高考英语阅读理解考纲关于阅读理解部分考纲要求：

阅读部分 要求考生能读懂书、报、杂志中关于一般性话题的简短文段以及公告、说明、广告等，并能从中获取相关信息。考生应能：（1）理解主旨要义；（2）理解文中具体信息；（3）根据上下文推断单词和短语的含义；（4）做出判断和推理；（5）理解文章的基本结构；（6）理解作者的意图、观点和态度。

阅读理解常见设题形式：

高考英语阅读理解常见的设题形式有： 细节理解题、推理判断题、词意猜测题、主旨大意题。阅读理解的考题分为客观理解题Facts（文章中客观存在的事实，客观题的答案一般都可以在原文中找到，即文中的具体事实或者抽象概念。）和主观理解题（Opinions）（这类问题不可能直接从原文中找到答案，需要通过阅读文章对文章主旨和深层含义有更深的理解，并据此进行判断和推理。） 处理的是细节理解（扫读法）解题 导入范例1：

首先要学会区分 Facts & Opinions distinguish facts from opinions

导入范例2 细节理解（扫读法）解题 A

Music

Opera at Music Hall：1243 Elm Street. The season runs June through August, with additional performances in March and September．The Opera honors Enjoy the Arts membership discounts. Phone：241-2742. http://www.cityopera.com.

Chamber Orchestra: The Orchestra plays at Memorial Hall at 1406 Elm Street, which offers several concerts from March through June. Call 723-1182 for more information. http://www.chamberorch.com. Symphony Orchestra: At Music Hall and Riverbend. For ticket sales, call 381-3300. Regular season runs September through May at Music Hall in summer at Riverbend. http://www.symphony.org/home.asp.

21. Which number should you call if you want to see an opera?

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A. 241-2742. B. 723-1182. C. 381-3300. D. 232-6220. 22. When can you go to a concert by Chamber Orchestra?

A. February. B. May. C. August. D. November． 导入范例3 主旨大意（查找、归纳法）解题

A mother mouse was out for a walk with her babies when she found a cat behind a bush. She watched the cat, and the cat watched the mice. Mother mouse barked fiercely, \"Woof, woof, woof!\" The cat was so frightened that it ran for it's life. Mother mouse turned to her babies and said, \"Now, do you understand the value of a second language?” What is the story mainly about?

It is important to learn a foreign language.

课堂部分：

第一部分：Reading Strategies: Scanning 阅读策略：细节理解（扫读法）解题 Scanning is one way to look for the information you want to find in a reading. To scan is to read very quickly in order to get some specific （特定的）pieces of information.

For instance, you scan to get information about time, names, places and numbers, etc. Before you scan, you have to decide what information you are looking for, and think about the forms it may take. Then you have to decide where you need to look to find the information you want. And finally, move your eyes as quickly as possible down the page until you find the information you need and read it carefully. When you find what you need, you may stop reading any further.

扫读是一种快速阅读方法，目的是为了获得特定信息。这些信息可以是时间、名称、地点和数据等。扫读前，首先要确定代要寻找的信息，想想它们会以什么形式出现，再决定到文章的哪一部分去找。然后就快速移动目光，直到找到所需信息，仔细阅读这一部分就可以了，没有必要再往下读。

阅读例子：先读题目： 21. When is the talk on James Brindley?

A. February 6th. B. March 6th. C. November 7th. D. December 5th. 22. What is the topic of the talk in February?

A. The Canal Pioneers. B. Ice for the Metropolis

C. Eyots and Aits- Thames Islands D. An Update on the Cotsword Canals 23. Who will give the talk on the islands in the Thames.

A. Miranda Vickers B. Malcolm Tucker C. Chris Lewis D. Liz Payne 在应用扫读法策略在文章中找到关键点：

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Monthly Talks at London Canal Museum

Our monthly talks start at 19:30 on the first Thursday of each month except August. Admission is at normal charges and you don’t need to book. They end around 21:00. November 7th The Canal Pioneers, by Chris Lewis. James Brindley is recognized as one of the leading early canal engineers. He was also a major player in training others in the art of canal planning and building. Chris Lewis will explain how Brindley made such a positive contribution to the education of that group of early “civil engineers”. December 5th

Ice for the Metropolis, by Malcolm Tucker. Well before the arrival of freezers, there was a demand for ice for food preservation and catering, Malcolm will explain the history of importing natural ice and the technology of building ice wells, and how London’s ice trade grew. February 6th An Update on the Cotsword Canals, by Liz Payne. The Stroudwater Canal is moving towards reopening. The Thames and Severn Canal will take a little longer. We will have a report on the present state of play. March 6th

Eyots and Aits- Thames Islands, by Miranda Vickers. The Thames had many islands. Miranda has undertaken a review of all of them. She will tell us about those of greatest interest.

Online bookings:www.canalmuseum.org.uk/book More into:www.canalmuseum.org.uk/whatsonEnglishtec London Canal Museum

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12-13 New Wharf Road, London NI 9RT

www.canalmuseum.org.ukEnglishtecwww.canalmuseum.mobi Tel:020 77130836

巩固练习

第一篇

Pacific Science Center Guide

◆Visit Pacific Science Center’s Store

Don’t forget to stop by Pacific Science Center’s Store while you are here to pick up a wonderful science activity or remember your visit. The store is located(位于) upstairs in Building 3 right next to the Laster Dome.

◆Hungry

Our exhibits will feed your mind but what about your body? Our café offers a complete menu of lunch and snack options, in addition to seasonal specials. The café is located upstairs in Building 1 and is open daily until one hour Pacific Science Center closes.

21.Where are you buy a at Science Center? A.In Building 1. B. In Building 3. C.At the last Denny.

D.At the Denny Way entrance.

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第二篇

A cafe society where no intellectualizing is allowed? It couldn’t seem more un-French. But Lehanne’s psychology cafe is about more than knowing oneself: It’s trying to help the city’s troubled neighborhood cafes. Over the years, Parisian cafes have fallen victim to changes in the French lifestyle—longer working hours, a fast-food boom and a younger generation’s desire to spend more time at home. Dozens of new theme cafes appear to change the situation. Cafes focused around psychology, history, and engineering are catching on, filling tables well into the evening. 3.What are theme cafes expected to do?

A.Create more jobs. B.Supply better drinks.

C.Save the cafe business. D.Serve the neighborhood.

第三篇

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31.The card above is_________

A. a ticket B. a postcard C. an invitation D. an advertisement

细节理解之略读法

略读(skimming) 略读又称跳读(reading and skipping)或浏览(glancing)，是一种专门的、非常实用的快速阅读技能。 （1）略读有下列几个特点：

A.以极快的速度阅读文章，寻找字面上或事实上的主要信息和少量的阐述信息。 B.可以跳过某个部分或某些部分不读。 C.理解水平可以稍低一些，但也不能太低。 （2）略读可以运用下列技巧：

A.要利用印刷细节，如文章的标题、副标题、小标题、斜体词、黑体词、脚注、标点符号等，对文章进行预测略读。预测略读要了解作者的思路、文章方式(模式)，以便把握大意，有关的细节及其相互关系。

B.以一般阅读速度(200～250wpm)阅读文章开头的一、二段，力求抓住文章大意，背景情况，作者的文章风格，口吻或语气等。

C.阅读段落的主题句和结论句。抓住主题句就掌握了段落大意，然后略去细节不读，以求得略读速度。

D.注意转折词和序列词。转折词如however，moreover，in addition等；序列词如firstly，secondly等。

其他细节方法

同义改写。题干将原文中的词或词组换成另外的词或者词组，词性和结构不变，意义相近。如：

When I was six, Dad brought home a dog one day, who was called “Brownie”, My brothers and I all loved Brownie and did different things with her. One of us would walk her, another would feed her ,then there were baths, playing catch and many other games .Brownie, in return, loved each and every one of us. One thing that most touched my heart was that she

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would go to whoever was sick and just be with them. We always felt better when she was around.

41. What would Brownie do when someone was ill in the family?

A. Look at them sadly. B. Keep them company. C. Play games with them. D. Touch them gently.

When I was growing up in America, I was ashamed of my mother’s Chinese English. Because of her English, she was often treated unfairly. People in department stores, at banks, and at restaurants did not take her seriously, did not give her good service, pretended not to understand her, or even acted as if they did not hear her.

41. Why was the author’s mother poorly served?

A. She was unable to speak good English. B. She was often misunderstood. C. She was not clearly heard.

D. She was not very polite.

But the key issue is really money．China is already spending hundreds of billions of yuan on domestic railway expansion．

68．According to the passage，the greatest challenge to the new high-speed railway plan is ．

A．technical issues B．safety of the system

C．financial problems D．maintenance of railway tracks

Tuesday’s Daily News said 29-year who left the spot quickly after the rescue last Saturday.

51. What did Duret do shortly after the ambulance came?

A. He was interviewed by a newspaper

B. He asked his girlfriend for his dry clothes C. He went to the hospital in the ambulance D. He disappeared from the spot quickly

这里文章中的quickly 转化成了题干中的shortly

篇章阅读

Wanted, Someone for a Kiss

We're looking for producers to join us on the sound of London Kiss 100 FM. You'll work on the station's music programmes. Music production experience in radio is necessary, along with rich knowledge of modern dance music. Please apply in writing to Producer Vacancies, Kiss 100. Father Christmas

We're looking for a very special person, preferably over 40, to fill our Father Christmas suit. Working days: Every Saturday from November 24 to December 15 and every day from December 17 to December 24 except Sundays, 10∶30－16∶00. Excellent pay.

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Please contact (联系) the Enterprise Shopping Centre, Station Parade, Eastbourne. Accountants Assistant

When you join the team in our Revenue Administration Unit, you will be providing assistance within all parts of the Revenue Division, dealing with post and other general duties. If you are educated to GCSE grade C level we would like to talk to you. This position is equally suitable for a school leaver or for somebody who has office experience. Wealden District Council Software Trainer

If you are aged 2445 and have experience in teaching and training, you could be the person we are looking for. You should be good at the computer and have some experience in programme writing. You will be allowed to make your own decisions, and to design courses as well as present them. Pay upwards of ￡15,000 for the right person. Please apply by sending your CV (简历) to Mrs R. Oglivie, Palmlace Limited.

1．Who should you get in touch with if you hope to work in a radio station? A．Producer Vacancies, Kiss 100. B．Mrs Oglivie, Palmlace Limited. C．The Enterprise Shopping Centre. D．Wealden District Council.

2．We learn from the ads that the Enterprise Shopping Centre needs a person who________. A．is aged between 24 and 40 B．may do some training work C．should deal with general duties D．can work for about a month

3．Which position is open to recent school graduates? A．Producer, London Kiss. B．Father Christmas. C．Accountants Assistant. D．Software Trainer.

4．What kind of person would probably apply to Palmlace Limited? A．One with GCSE grade C level. B．One with some office experience.

C．One having good computer knowledge.

D．One trained in producing music programmes.

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2018 细节理解Scanning（扫读法）解题 参及部分解析

首先要学会区分 Facts & Opinions distinguish facts from opinions

均为第一个是事实Facts 第二个是观点 Opinions

阅读实录：先读题目： 21. When is the talk on James Brindley?

A. February 6th. B. March 6th. C. November 7th. D. December 5th. 22. What is the topic of the talk in February?

A. The Canal Pioneers. B. Ice for the Metropolis

C. Eyots and Aits- Thames Islands D. An Update on the Cotsword Canals 23. Who will give the talk on the islands in the Thames.

A. Miranda Vickers B. Malcolm Tucker C. Chris Lewis D. Liz Payne

【答案】

21. C 22. D 23. A

21. C细节理解题。根据文章第二段第二句James Brindley is recognized as one of the leading early canal engineers.所对应的日期November 7th.。故选C。

22. D 细节理解题。根据文章第四段February 6th中的第一句An Update on the Cotsword Canals, by Liz Payne. The Stroudwater Canal is moving towards reopening.可以得出答案。故选D。

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23. A 细节理解题。根据文章第五段第一句Eyots and Aits- Thames Islands, by Miranda Vickers.可以知道做报告的人是Mirands Vickets。故选A。 考点：广告布告类短文阅读

译文：

伦敦运河博物馆每月谈

每月的第一个星期四晚上19:30举办每月讲谈，八月除外。门票如常，无需预约。约21:00结束。 11月7日

运河先锋，主讲人克里斯·路易斯。詹姆斯·布林德利被认为是早期运河工程师的主力之一，也是给其他人培训运河规划和建造艺术的主要人物。克里斯·路易斯将阐释布林德利如何为教育早期“土木工程师”群体做出了积极贡献。 12月5日

供应大都市的冰，主讲人马尔科姆·塔克。早在冰箱到来之前，食物保存和餐饮业都要靠冰。马尔科姆将阐释进口自然冰的历史和冰井建造技术，以及伦敦冰业贸易的发展。 2月6日

科茨沃尔德运河新面貌，主讲人莉兹·佩恩。斯特劳德瓦特运河即将重新投入运营，泰晤士和塞汶运河还需等一阵子。我们将针对目前进展做一次报告。 3月6日

小岛和沙洲——泰晤士岛，主讲人米兰达·维克斯。泰晤士河有众多小岛，米兰达对所有小岛都有了解，她将向我们讲述其中最受欢迎的岛。 在线预约：www.canalmuseum.org.uk/book 更多信息：www.canalmuseum.org.uk/whatson 伦敦运河博物馆

伦敦新码头路12-13号，邮编NI 9RT

www. Canalmuseum.org.uk www.canalmuseum.mobi 电话：020 7713 0836

第一篇 【答案】

21.B 细节题。根据第一段中的 The store is located(位于）upstairs in Building 3 right next to the Laster Dome.可知Pacific Science Center的购物点在Laster Dome旁边的3号楼的楼上。故选B。

第二篇

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3.C 部分翻译 A café society where no intellectualizing is allowed? It couldn’t seem more un-French. But Lehanne’s psychology café is about more than knowing oneself: It’s trying to help the city’s troubled neighborhood cafes.

在咖啡馆里不允许高谈阔论？最不想法国人的风格了。但是Lehanne的精神咖啡馆不仅仅是认识自己：在试图帮助那些处于困境中的咖啡馆。 （咖啡馆生意不好做）

Dozens of new theme cafes appear to change the situation. Cafes focused around psychology, history, and engineering are catching on, filling tables well into the evening.

出现了很多旨在改变这种情形的主题咖啡馆。这些咖啡馆关注心理，历史以及工程这些很受欢迎的话题，直到夜晚人们还不愿散去。 34. What are theme cafes expected to do?

A. Create more jobs. B. Supply better drinks.

C. Save the cafe business. D. Serve the neighborhood.

注意这里的段落主旨大意的把握问题（本题也可以认为是具体信息查找，细节理解）。这是我们思考问题的切入点，本段话主旨在第二句话有很好的体现，it’s trying to help the city’s troubled neighborhood cafes.可以预知，本文重点是讲述这一点，而很多theme cafes的出现，是为了改变这种情况。什么情况?自然是前面所提及的情况，帮助那些处于困境中的cafes。而为社区提供服务，这个并不是他们期待去做的事情，但是在客观上确实提供了服务，这并不是问题本身所需要得到的回答。在这里，要注意题干本身所问的意思是什么，要确切地明白。

第三篇 答案C 生日聚会邀请函 Alice 快两岁了。

同意转换题目答案

这里原文中的sick 被转换成了题干中的ill。

41. What would Brownie do when someone was ill in the family?

A. Look at them sadly. B. Keep them company. C. Play games with them. D. Touch them gently. 这里原文中的sick 被转换成了题干中的ill。

41. Why was the author’s mother poorly served?

A. She was unable to speak good English. B. She was often misunderstood. C. She was not clearly heard.

D. She was not very polite.

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我们发现原文中的treated unfairly 与题干中的 poorly served 意义相近，因此在浏览文章的时候就能够注意到treated unfairly ，并在这个定位词附近寻找正确答案。

根据文章内容I was ashamed of my mother’s Chinese English. Because of her English, she was often treated unfairly.可知答案为A

68．According to the passage，the greatest challenge to the new high-speed railway plan is ．

A．technical issues B．safety of the system

C．financial problems D．maintenance of railway tracks 这里文章中的名词词组 key issue 转换成了题干中的 greatest challenge, 意义相近.

Tuesday’s Daily News said 29-year who left the spot quickly after the rescue last Saturday.

51. What did Duret do shortly after the ambulance came?

A. He was interviewed by a newspaper

B. He asked his girlfriend for his dry clothes C. He went to the hospital in the ambulance D. He disappeared from the spot quickly 这里文章中的quickly 转化成了题干中的shortly

D 细节理解题。根据“...29yearold Julien Duret from France is the man who left the spot quickly after the rescue...”可知Duret 把小女孩从水中救出后立刻与他的女朋友离开了现场。

答案与解析

1.A 细节理解题。第一则广告招聘的是电台音乐制作人，如果你希望在电台工作，当然应与Producer Vacancies，Kiss 100联系。

2.D 细节理解题。根据第二则广告可知，the Enterprise Shopping Centre招聘的是圣诞老人，工作的时间是从11月24日开始，持续到12月24日，在这大约一个月的时间内，他都要在周六或者除了周日以外的其他时间工作。 3.C 细节理解题。根据第三则广告最后“This position is equally suitable for a school leaver”可知答案为C项。 4.C 细节理解题。根据最后一则广告第二句中的“You should be good at the computer”可知答案为C项。

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