用英语描述病

He feels headache, nausea and vomiting. (他觉得头痛、恶心和想吐。) He is under the weather. (他不舒服，生病了。)

He began to feel unusually tired. (他感到反常的疲倦。) He feels light-headed. (他觉得头晕。)

She has been shut-in for a few days. (她生病在家几天了。) Her head is pounding. (她头痛。)

His symptoms include loss of appetite, weight loss, excessive fatigue, fever and chills. (他的症状包括没有食欲、体重减轻、非常疲倦、发烧和发冷。)

He feels exhausted or fatigued most of the time. (他大部份时间都觉得非常疲倦。) He has been lacking in energy for some time. (他感到虚弱有段时间了。)

He feels drowsy, dizzy and nauseated. (他觉得昏昏欲睡，头晕目眩和想吐。)

He feels as though everything around him is spinning. (他感到周围的东西都在打转。) He has noticed some loss of hearing. (他发觉听力差些。)

She has some pains and itching around her eyes. (她眼睛四周又痛又痒。)

(2) 伤风感冒：

He has been coughing up rusty or greenish-yellow phlegm. (他咳嗽带有绿黄色的痰。) His eyes feel itchy and he has been sneezing. (他眼睛发痒，而且一直在打喷嚏。)

He has a fever, aching muscles and hacking cough. (hacking = constant) (他有发烧，筋骨酸痛和常常咳嗽。)

He coughed with sputum and feeling of malaise. (malaise = debility) (他咳嗽有浓痰，而且觉得很虚弱。)

He gets a cold with a deep hacking cough. (他伤风咳嗽。)

He has a headache, aching bones and joints. (他头痛，骨头、关节也痛。) He has a persistent cough. (他不停地在咳。)

He has bouts of uncontrollable coughing. (他一阵阵的咳嗽，难以控制。) He has hoarse and has lost his voice sometimes. (他声音嘶哑，有时失声。) He has a sore throat and a stuffy nose. (他嗓子疼痛而且鼻子不通。)

His breathing is harsh and wheezy. (他呼吸时，有气喘似的呼哧呼哧作响。)

He has a stabbing pain that comes on suddenly in one or both temples. (有时突然间太阳穴刺痛。)

He has a runny nose, sneezing or a scratchy throat. (他流鼻水，打喷嚏和喉咙沙哑。)

(3) 女性疾病：

She has noticed one lump in her breast. (她发觉乳房有个肿块。)

There is a hard, swollen lump on her right breast. (她右乳房有肿块。) Her left breast is painful and swollen. (她左乳房疼痛且肿大。) She has heavy bleeding with her periods. (她月经来的很多。)

Her vaginal discharge is white or greenish-yellow and unpleasant smelling. (她阴道分泌物带白色或绿黄色，而且气味不好。)

She has noticed occasional spotting of blood between periods. (在月经来的前后，她有时也发觉有滴滴达达的流血。)

She has some bleeding after intercourse. (性交后有出血。) She feels some vaginal itching. (她感到阴部发痒。)

She has painful periods and abnormal vaginal discharge. (她月经来时疼痛，而且阴道有不正常的分泌物。)

(4) 手脚疾病：

His both hands and feet ache all over. (他两手两脚都很酸痛。) He has pain on the sole of his feet. (他脚底很痛。)

There is a wart-like lump on the sole of right foot. (我右脚底有个像肉疣般的硬块。)

His ankles look puffy and they pit when he presses them with his finger. (pit = small dent form；句里的 they 和 them 都是指 ankles)(他的足踝好象肿了，用手按，就有小坑痕。) The pain in his left foot is accompanied by redness and swelling. (左脚酸痛，并有红肿。) The joints near his fingernails and knuckles look swollen. (指头和指节旁边的关节，似乎有肿大。)

He has numbness and tingling in his hands and fingers. (他的手和指头感到麻木和刺痛。) His legs become painful following strenuous exercise. (激烈运动后，他的腿就痛。) His knee is misshapen or unable to move. (他的膝盖有点畸形，也不能动。) There are some swellings in his armpit. (他的腋窝肿大。)

He is troubled with painful muscles and joints. (他的筋骨和关节都痛。)

She is troubled by the pains in the back and shoulders. (她的后背和肩膀都痛。)

His knee has been bothering him for some time. (他的膝盖不舒服，已有一段时间了。)

(5) 睡眠不好：

He is sleeping poorly.（他睡不好）

He has difficulty in sleeping, inability to concentrate.（他不易入睡，也难集中精神。） It is usually hard for her to fall asleep when she goes to bed at night.（她晚上就寝，很难入睡。）

He wakes during the night or early morning and finds it difficult to fall asleep again.（他晚间或清早醒来后，再也不能入睡。）

He has nightmares occasionally.（他有时做噩梦。）

(6) 男性疾病：

He urinates more frequently than usual.（他小便比平时多。） He has difficulty controlling his bladder.（他很难控制小便。）(bladder：膀胱) There are some lumps on his testicles. （他的睪丸有些硬块。）

He has had burning or pain when he urinates.（他小便时感到发烫和疼痛。） He is passing less urine than usual.（他小便比平时少。）

He has had painless swelling in his scrotum.（他的阴囊有不痛的肿大。） He feels lack of interest in sex.（他自觉对性的兴趣大减。） He has difficulty starting his urine flow.（他小便不畅通。）

His urine stream is very weak and slow.（他小便流动得很慢很弱。）

He dribbles a little urine after he has finished urinating.（他小便后，还会有少量零星地滴下。）

He has had some discharge from his penis.（他的阴茎排出一些流脓。） His urine is cloudy and it smells strong.（他的小便混浊，而且气味不好。） He has a dull heavy ache in the crotch.（他的胯部感到隐痛。）

He has a small leakage of urine when he coughs or sneezes.（他咳嗽或打喷嚏时，会有点泄尿。）

He has trouble urinating.（他小便有困难。）

(7) 呼吸方面：

His breathing has become increasingly difficult.（他呼吸越来越困难。） He has to breathe through his mouth.（他要用口呼吸。）

He is short of breath, even when he has not been exercising, he is breathless.（他喘气；即使不运动，他也是上气不接下气。）

His cough is more like wheezing.（他的咳嗽有呼哧呼哧的响声。） His cough is dry, producing no phlegm.（他是干咳，没有痰。） He has coughed up blood.（他咳嗽有血。）

His nose stuffed up when he had a cold.（他感冒时鼻子就不通。）

He coughs up a lot of phlegm (thick spit) on most days.（他多半时间咳出浓浓的痰。） He has a feeling of tightness in the chest or a feeling that he is suffocating.（他胸部觉得闷闷的，好象透不过气来。）

(8)口腔毛病：

He has pain in his teeth or jaw. (他的牙齿和下巴疼痛。) He has some problems with his teeth. (他牙齿有问题。)

The tooth hurts only when he bites down on it. (他咬东西时，牙齿就痛。) His gums are red and swollen. (他的牙床红肿。)

His tongue is red and sore all over. (他的舌头到处红和痛。)

His breath smells bad and he has a foul taste in his mouth. (他口里有怪味。) His gums do bleed. (他牙床有出血。)

He has some sore swellings on his gum or jaw. (他的牙床和下巴肿痛。) He has sore places on or around the lip. (他的嘴唇和周围都很痛。) There are cracks at the corners of his mouth. (他的嘴巴角落破了。)

There are some discolored areas inside on his tongue. (他舌头里边有些地方颜色怪怪的。)

(9) 肠胃毛病：

He has a bloated, uncomfortable feeling after meal. (他饭后肚子觉得胀胀的，很不舒服。) He has bouts of abdominal pain. (他有一阵阵的肚痛。)

He feels bloated in his abdominal area. (他感到肚子胀胀的。) (注：胀胀的，像「puff up」，但不是真正的肿「swell up」。)

The pain is mainly in the lower (upper) right part of the abdomen. (痛是在肚子下半部。)

He has nausea and vomiting. (他有恶心和呕吐。)

It is difficult or painful for him to swallow. (他吞下食物时会痛。) He has passed more gas than usual. (他放…比平常多。) He has been constipated for a few days. (他便秘了好几天。) He suffers pains when he moves his bowels. (他大便时很痛。) He has some bleeding from his rectum. (他的肛门出血。)

He has noticed some blood in his bowel movements. (他发觉大便时有些血。) His bowel movements are pale, greasy and foul smelling. (他大便呈灰白色，含油脂的恶臭。) His bowel movements are grey (or black) in color. (他的大便呈灰白色。) He has trouble with diarrhea. (他拉肚子。)

(10) 血压&感官：

His blood pressure is really up. (他的血压很高。) High blood pressure is creeping up on him.

He has noticed frequent urination, increased thirst and unexpected tireness. (他发觉常常小便，非常口渴和更加疲倦。)

It is a chest pain that gets worse when he bends over or lies down. (他弯腰或躺下时，胸部更痛。)

He has noticed excessive sweating and unexplained tireness. (他体会到过度的出汗和难以解释的疲倦。)

He has a sharp pain in one area of his spine. (他的脊椎某部位刺痛。)

He has pain in other joints including hip, knee and ankle. (其它关节疼痛包括臀部、膝盖和脚踝。)

His eyes seem to be bulging. (他的眼睛觉得有点肿胀。) He has double vision. (他的视线有双重影子。)

He feels there is a film over his eyes. (他觉得眼里有种薄膜似的东西，挡住视线。) His vision in the right eye blurred. (他右眼视线模糊不清。) He has had some earaches lately. (他近来耳朵有点痛。)

He has a repeated buzzing or other noises in his ears. (他耳朵常有嗡嗡的声音。)

心血管医学英语 心力衰竭：

Heart failure 心力衰竭

Congestive beart failure 充血性心力衰竭 Acute left-sided heart failure 急性左心衰竭 Chroinc heart failure 慢性心力衰竭

Intractable heart failure 难治性心力衰竭

Systolic insufficiency heart failure 收缩功能不全性心力衰竭

Diastolic insufficiency heart failure 舒张功能不全性心力衰竭 Congestive heart failure 充血性心力衰竭 Cardiac dysfunction 心功能障碍

心律失常：

Arrhythmia （cardiac arrhythmia）心律失常 Triggered activity 触发活动 Afterdepolarization 后除极 a.窦房结

Sinus node recovery time SNRT 窦房结恢复时间 Sinoatrial conduction time SACT 窦房传导时间 Bradycardia 心动过缓 Tachycardia 心动过速

Sinus tachycardia 窦性心动过速 Sinus bradycardia 窦性心动过缓

Sinus pause (sinus arrest) 窦性停搏（窦性静止）

sinoatrial block 窦房阻滞（Mobitz 莫氏, Wenckebach 文氏） Sick sinus syndrome(SSS) 病(态)窦(房结)综合征

Bradycardia-tachycardia syndrome 心动过缓-心动过速综合征 b.心房

Atrial premature beats 房性期前收缩 Atrial tachycardia 房性心动过速 Intrinsic heart rate 固有心率

Automatic atrial tachycardia 自律性房性心动过速 Reentrant atrial tachycardia 折返性房性心动过速 Chaotic atrial tachycardia 紊乱性房性心动过速

Paroxysmal atrial tachycardia with AV block (PAT with block) 伴有房室阻滞的阵发性房性心动过速

Multifocal atrial tachycardia 多源性房性心动过速 Atrial flutter 心房扑动 Atrial fibrillation 心房颤动 c.房室交界区性

Premature atrioventricular junctional beats 房室交界区性期前收缩 AV junctional escape beats 房室交界区性逸搏 AV junctional rhythm 房室交界区性心律

Nonparoxysmal atrioventricular junctional tachycardia 非阵发性房室交界区性心动过速 Paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia(PSVT)阵发性室上性心动过速

Atrioventricular Nodal Reentrant Tachycardia(AVNRT)房室结内折返性心动过速 Atrioventricular Reentrant Tachycardia(AVNRT)房室返性心动过速

Preexcitation syndrome(Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome) 预激综合征（WPW综合征） d.心室

Premature ventricular beats 室性期前收缩 Ventricular parasystole 室性并行心律 Ventricular tachycardia 室性心动过速

Accelerated idioventricular rhythm 加速性心室自主节律 Torsades de pointes 尖端扭转 Ventricular flutter 心室扑动 Ventricular fibrillation 心室颤动 Atrioventricular block 房室传导阻滞 Wenckebach block 文氏阻滞

Adame-Strokes syndrom 阿－斯综合征 Intraventricular block 室内传导阻滞

Right bundle branch block 右束支传导阻滞 Left bundle branch block 左束支传导阻滞

Left anterior fascicular block 左前分支传导阻滞 Left posterior fascicular block 左后分支传导阻滞 Bifascicular block 双分支阻滞 Trifascicular block 三分支阻滞 心脏骤停与猝死

sudden cardiac death 心脏性猝死 Cardiac arrest 心脏骤停

Pulseless electrical activity (PEA) 无脉性电活动

高血压：

Hypertension 高血压

Hypertensive urgencyes 高血压急症 Hypertensive crisis 高血压危象

Hypertensive emergencies 高血压危症 Secondary hypertension 继发性高血压 Primary hypertension 原发性高血压

“White coat” hypertension 白大衣性高血压 4

Isolated systolic hypertension 单纯收缩期高血压 Arteriolosclerosis 小动脉硬化

先心病：

Congenital heart disease 先天性心脏病

Congenital cardiovascular disease 先天性心血管病 Pulmonic stenosis 肺动脉狭窄

Isolated pulmonic stenosis 单纯肺动脉口狭窄 Coarctation of the aorta 主动脉缩窄

Idiopathic dilatation of the pulmonary artery 单纯肺动脉扩张 Primary pulmonary hypertension 原发性肺动脉高压

Persistent left superior vena cava 双侧上腔静脉（左上腔静脉残存） Isolated dextrocardia 孤立性右位心 Atrial septal defect 房间隔缺损

Partial anomalous pulmonary venous drainage 部分性肺静脉畸形引流 Ventricular septal defect (VSD) 室间隔缺损

Eisenmenger’s syndrome 艾森门格综合征 Patent ductus arteriosus(PDA)动脉导管未闭 Tetralogy of Fallot 法洛四联症 Trilogy of Fallot 法洛三联症

Complete transposition of the great vessels 完全性大血管错位 Atrial septal defect (ASD) 房间隔缺损心脏瓣膜病： Multivalve heart disease 多瓣膜疾病 5

Mitral valve disease 二尖瓣疾病

Pulmonic valve disease 肺动脉瓣疾病 Tricuspid valve disease 三尖瓣疾病 Ebstein’s anomaly 三尖瓣下移畸形

Dysfunction or rupture of papillary muscle 乳头肌功能失调或断裂 Aortic valve disease 主动脉瓣疾病 Aortic arch syndrome 主动脉弓综合征 Valvular heart disease 心脏瓣膜病 rheumatic heart disease 风湿性心脏病 Rheumatic fever 风湿热

Rheumatic carditis 风湿性心脏炎 Mitral stenosis 二尖瓣狭窄

Mitral incompetence 二尖瓣关闭不全

Acute mitral insufficiency 急性二尖瓣关闭不全 Chronic mitral insufficiency 慢性二尖瓣关闭不全 Marfan’s syndrom 马凡氏综合征 Aortic stenosis 主动脉瓣狭窄

Aortic incompetence 主动脉瓣关闭不全

Chronic aortic insufficiency 慢性主动脉瓣关闭不全 Tricuspid stenosis 三尖瓣狭窄

Tricuspid incompetence 三尖瓣关闭不全 Pulmonary stenosis 肺动脉瓣狭窄

Pulmonary incompetence 肺动脉瓣关闭不全

冠心病：

Atherosclerosis 动脉粥样硬化

Coronary atherosclerotic heart disease 冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病 Coronary heart disease 冠状动脉性心脏病 Angina pectoris 心绞痛

Stable angina pectoris 稳定型心绞痛 Unstable angina pectoris 不稳定心绞痛 Initial onset angina pectoris 初发型心绞痛 Accelerated angina pectoris 恶化型心绞痛

Variant angina pectoris (Prinzmetal’s variant angina pectoris)变异型心绞痛 Angina decubitus 卧位心绞痛

Acute coronary insufficiency 急性冠状动脉功能不全 Postinfarction angina pectoris 梗塞后心绞痛

Acute coronary syndrome(ACS) 急性冠脉综合征 Myocardial infarction(MI) 心肌梗死

Acute myocardial infarction(AMI) 急性心肌梗死 Dysfunction of papillary muscle 乳头肌功能失调 Rupture of papillary muscle 乳头肌断裂 Rupture of the heart 心脏破裂 Embolism 栓塞

Cardiac aneurysm 心脏室壁瘤

Postinfarction syndrome 心肌梗死后综合征

Latent coronary heart disease 无症状型冠心病（隐性冠心病） Ischemic cardiomyopathy 缺血性心肌病 Sudden death 猝死

感染性心内膜炎：

Infective endocarditis (IE) 感染性心内膜炎 Native valve endocarditis 自体瓣膜心内膜炎 Prothetic valve endocarditis 人工瓣膜心内膜炎

Endocarditis in intravenous drug abusers 静脉药瘾者心内膜炎 Acute infective endocarditics(AIE) 急性感染性心内膜炎 Subacute Infective endocarditis 亚急性感染性心内膜炎

心肌疾病：

Specific cardiomyopathy 特异性心肌病 Viral myocarditis 病毒性心肌炎

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy（HCM）肥厚性心肌病

Asymmetric septal hypertrophy (ASH) 非对称性室间隔肥厚 Restrictive cardiomyopathy(RCM)性心肌病 Dilated cardiomyopathy（DCM）扩张型心肌病 Alcoholic cardiomyopathy 酒精性心肌病 Peripartum cardiomyopathy 围生期心肌病 Drug-induced cardiomyopathy 药物性心肌病 Keshan disease (KD) 克山病

Endemic cardiomyopathy (ECD) 地方性心肌病 Cardiomyopathies 心肌疾病 Myocardial bridging 心肌桥 Myocarditis 心肌炎

Right ventricular cardiomyopathy 右室心肌病

Arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy(ARVC)致心律失常型右室心肌病 Unclassified cardiomyopathies,UCM)

心包疾病：

Purulent pericarditis 化脓性心包炎

Acute pericarditis 急性心包炎

Tuberculous pericarditis 结核性心包炎 Constrictive pericarditis 缩窄性心包炎

血管疾病：

Peripheral arteriosclerosis obliteration 闭塞性周围动脉粥样硬化 Primary arteritis of the aorta and its main branches 多发性大动脉炎 Raynaud syndrome 雷诺综合征 Pulness disease 无脉病

Thromboangitis obliterans 血栓闭塞性脉管炎 Thrombophlebitis 血栓性静脉炎 Aortic dissection 主动脉夹层

其它疾病： Syndrome X

Cardiogenic shock 心原性休克

Postpericardiostomy syndrome 心肌损伤后综合征 Pulmonary embolism 肺动脉栓塞 Syncope 晕厥

Syphlitic cardiovascular disease 梅毒性心血管病 Cardiovascular neurosis 心脏血管神经官能症 药物

Vasodilator 血管扩张剂（phlebectasis 静脉扩张， arteriectasis 动脉扩张）

Diuretic 利尿剂（thiazide diuretic 噻嗪类利尿剂；loop diuretic 袢利尿剂；potassium-sparing diuretics 保钾利尿剂） inotropic agent 正性肌力药（digitalis preparation 洋地黄制剂；adrenergic receptor stimulant 肾上腺素能受体兴奋剂；

phosphodiesterase inhibitor 磷酸二酯酶抑制剂）

Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor（ACE inhibitors）（ACEI）血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂 Aldosterone antagonist 醛固酮拮抗剂

Beta adrenergic receptor blocker （beta blockers） ?肾上腺素能受体阻滞剂 Calcium channel blocker（CCB）钙通道阻滞剂

Angiotension Ⅱ antagonist(Angiotension Ⅱ receptor blocker) 血管紧张素Ⅱ受体阻滞剂 Alpha blockers α1 受体阻滞剂 Nitroglycerin 甘油 Digoxin 地高辛

Lanatoside C 西地兰 10

antiarrhythic drugs 抗心律失常药 lidocaine 利多卡因 Propafenone 普罗帕酮 Amiodarone 胺碘酮 调脂药降脂药

HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors HMG-CoA 还原酶抑制剂

Nicotinic acid 烟酸 Clofibrate 氯贝丁酯 抗血小板药物 溶栓药

recombinant tissue type plasminogen activator ,rt-PA 重组组织型纤维蛋白酶原激活剂 抗凝药 操作

interventional therapy for cardiovascular diseases 心血管病介入性治疗 Holter ECG monitoring 动态心电图 Ultrasound angioplasty 超声消融术

Directional coronary atherectomy 定向旋切术

High frequency rotational atherectomy 高频旋磨术 Laser angioplasty 激光血管成形术 Catheter ablation 心导管消融

Radiofrequency catheter ablation 经导管射频消融

Percutaneous balloon mitral valvuloplasty(PBMV)经皮穿刺球囊二尖瓣成形术

Percutaneous balloon pulmonic valvuloplasty(PBPV)经皮穿刺球囊肺动脉瓣成形术

Percutaneous transluminal septial myocardial ablation,(PTSMA)经皮经腔间隔心肌消融术 11

Percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) 经皮穿刺腔内冠状动脉成形术 Percutaneous intracoronary stent implantation 经皮穿刺冠状动脉内支架安置术 Transluminal Extraction catheter (TEC)经皮血管内切吸导管 Artificial cardiac pacing 人工心脏起搏 Multisite cardiac pacing 多部位心脏起搏 Biatrial pacing 双心房起搏

biventricular pacing 双心室起搏 bifocal pacing 双灶起搏

Heart transplantation 心脏移植

Angiojet rheolytic thrombectomy 新鲜血栓吸引术 Upright tilt-table testing 直立倾斜试验

Implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD)置入型心律转复除颤器 Thumpversion 捶击复律 Cough-version 咳嗽复律 Cardioversion 心脏电复律 Defibrillation 心脏电除颤 Revascularization 血管重建 其它

Hemolytic streptococcus 甲族乙型溶血性链球菌 Antithymocyte globulin (ATG)抗胸腺细胞球蛋白 Vagus nerve 迷走神经, Brainstem death 脑干死亡 12

Brain death 脑死亡

Myocardial remodeling 心肌重塑 Hemodynamics 血液动力学

Atrial natriuretic factor (ANF)心钠素 Vasopressin 血管加压素,抗利尿激素 Bradykinin 缓激肽

Triggered activity 触发活动 Afterdepolarization 后除极

Late ventricular potential 心室晚电位

Sinus node recovery time(SNRT) 窦房结恢复时间 Sinoatrial conduction time(SACT) 窦房传导时间 Intrinsic heart rate 固有心率

Accessory atrioventricular pathways 房室旁路 Atriohisian tracts 房希氏束

Nodoventricular fibers 结-室纤维

Fasciculoventricular fibers 分支室纤维 Insulin resistance 胰岛素抵抗

Vasodepressor response 血管减压反应 Pulsus tardus 细迟脉

Minimum Inhibitory concentration (MIC) 最小抑菌浓度

Systolic anterior motion(SAM) （二尖瓣前叶）收缩期前向运动 Intermittent claudication 间歇性跛行